Study the combined effect of electric field and variable viscosity on the stability of dielectric nanofluid (CuO + water) within a Hele–Shaw cell

Abstract

In this research article, the combined effect of electric field and variable viscosity on the stability of dielectric nanofluid (CuO + water) within a Hele–Shaw cell is studied. The normal mode technique has been implemented for linear stability analysis and the truncated Fourier series method for nonlinear stability analysis. The effect of the Hele–Shaw number, thermorheological parameter, and alternating current electric Rayleigh number on the onset of convection and heat/mass transfer has been investigated analytically, graphically, and using tables. It is observed that the effect of the thermorheological parameter has a destabilizing effect, and the value of the parameter is always less than [Formula: see text] for this study. We also found that the Hele–Shaw number has stabilizing effect, and it is always greater or equal to [Formula: see text] for this study. The effect of alternating current electric Rayleigh number is destabilized. We observed that in the whole analysis, numerical results are better than analytical results.