Impact of Joule heating and viscous dissipation on magnetohydrodynamics boundary layer flow of viscous nanofluid subject to the stretched surface

Abstract

The two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics incompressible flow of nanofluid about a stretching surface is investigated with the existence of viscous dissipation and Joule heating. Moreover, the impact of the convective condition and mass suction is applied with the viscous nanofluid containing copper nanoparticles and the base fluid water. The similarity variables have been employed to transform the coupled nonlinear partial differential equations into the ordinary differential equations and the numerical scheme bp4c is implemented for the further analysis of the solution. The diverse results of temperature, skin friction coefficient, velocity, and the Nusselt number according to numerous parameters have been shown graphically. It appears that the Nusselt number and the skin friction reduces, which is caused by the enhancement of both Hartman number and nanoparticles concentration. Moreover, the fluid temperature surges with the growth of Biot number, and Eckert number whereas the growth of nanoparticles concentration and suction parameter diminishes the velocity and temperature profile. The inclusion of a significant quantity of nanoparticles in the base fluid increases the density of the corresponding nanofluids and accordingly the temperature of the coupled nanoparticles in the base fluids can be modified. Hence, nanofluids build an outstanding performance in electronic components appliances and other electrical devices. The existing research is further effective in refrigerators for stabilizing their rate of cooling.