Unsteady thin film radiative nanofluids flow over time-dependent inclined stretching surfaces with Lorentz force and heat generation

Abstract

This study aims to explore the unsteady magnetohydrodynamic thin film nanofluids flow over an inclined stretching surface in the presence of thermal radiation. The stretching velocity, Lorentz force and heat generation impacts together with the distributions of the temperature and nanoparticles at the surface are considered time-dependent. During the problem formulation, the haphazard motion and thermal migration are not neglected. The solution methodology is based on the Runge–Kutta method and it is divided into two steps, namely, solution of the momentum equations to obtain the nanofluid film thickness [Formula: see text] corresponding to the unsteadiness parameter S and the second step is using the values of [Formula: see text] to solve the entire system of equations. The major findings revealed that the nanofluid film thickness [Formula: see text] is reduced as the unsteadiness and magnetic field parameters are growing. Also, the rate of the heat transfer is diminishing as either the radiation parameter or the inclination angle increases. Furthermore, the increase in the buoyancy parameter from 0 to 1.5 gives an enhancement in the velocity up to 0.63%.