Design and implementation of a hybrid control for the energy management system in electric traction

Abstract

This article intends designing and implementing a hysteresis current controller for the energy management system within an electric traction to maintain the output voltage in a certain interval whatever the disturbances to the system. The energy management system within an electric traction encompasses a battery functioning as a fuel cell within the primary energy source, an ultracapacitor considered as an auxiliary source and two direct current to direct current converters renowned as boost and buck/boost converters, whose modeling is constantly contemplated as a very difficult task. As a matter of fact, these converters are designed as switching circuits with a prevalent change of structures, which makes them strongly nonlinear. Thereby, they can be assumed as hybrid dynamical systems whose continuous parts are especially characterized by electrical magnitudes, namely, the currents and voltages in the converters, and whose discrete part is illustrated by the high-frequency switching metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor which demands faster control mechanisms to ensure proper regulation of the output voltage of two direct current to direct current converters. The validity and effectiveness strategy control of the energy management system are highlighted by numerical simulation as well as by experimental implementation on the DSPACE1104 R&D Controller Board.