Bulk temperature prediction of a two-speed automatic transmission for electric vehicles using thermal network method and experimental validation

Abstract

Nowadays, the development of electric vehicle equipped with a two-speed automatic transmission has become a hotspot. As well known, the automatic transmission operates with power loss including gear meshing loss, bearing loss, and oil churning loss. This paper focuses on the bulk temperature prediction of a two-speed automatic transmission using thermal network method. An integrated model, including an efficiency model and a heat balance model, is proposed, which makes it possible to predict power loss, bulk temperature, and temperature distributions under different conditions. In the efficiency model, each part of power losses from gear meshes is studied to calculate the summation of mechanical power losses in the transmission, including losses of gear meshing, bearing and oil churning. In the heat balance model, the entire gearbox is divided into elements with a uniform temperature connected by thermal resistances which account for conduction, convection, and radiation, based upon the first law of thermodynamics for transient conditions. The effectiveness of bulk temperature prediction using thermal network method is validated by the comparison between simulation results and the experimental data. Consequently, this study on heat transfer characteristics, thermal characteristics, and bulk temperature prediction of the two-speed automatic transmission has significant academic and application values.