What Part Does the Occupational Environment Play in the Occurrence of Accidents?: Views of Accident Victims, Their Fellow-workers, Safety Delegates, and Enterprise Managements

Abstract

In a survey of occupational accident cases admitted to Malmö General Hospital during a period in 1974, interviews were carried out with the accident victims, and, at their work places, with their fellow-workers, safety delegates, and management representatives as well. The interviewees were asked to express their views on aspects of the occupation environment, which might have had a bearing on the causes of the accident in question, for instance noise, harmful substances, physical and mental stress and accident risks. The results showed wide variations between the views of the four groups regarding the same environment situation and the actual accident. Often the explanations were rather descriptions of “supernatural” concepts in other words. This means that in this field there is a great need for an objective instrument for the analysis of accidents and their circumstances. There is no such instrument available today and there is a growing need to develop accident research and its methods, as well as of a practical instrument for the safety work. There is also a need for a more qualitative analysis of accidents. To this end we used a model developed by J. Surry (4) and later modified by the Swedish Work Environment Fund (5). A further development of this model is proposed.