Development and Evaluation of a Pediatric Epilepsy Training Program for First Level Providers in Zambia

Abstract

Introduction. The developing world continues to face challenges in closing the large treatment gap for epilepsy, due to a high burden of disease and few experienced providers to manage the condition. Children with epilepsy are susceptible to higher rates of developmental impairments and refractory disease due to delays or absence of appropriate management as a result. We demonstrated that a structured education intervention on pediatric epilepsy can improve knowledge, confidence, and impact clinical practice of first level providers in Zambia. Methods. Three first-level facilities across Zambia were included. After initial pilot versions and revisions, the final course was implemented at each site. Pre- and post-intervention knowledge and confidence assessments were performed. Additionally, chart reviews were conducted prior to intervention and 4 months after completion of training at each site to assess change on management. Results. Twenty-three of the original 24 participants from all 3 sites completed the training; 48% clinical officers, 43% nurses, 9% other expertise. Of the 15 concepts tested by knowledge assessment, 12 showed trends in improvement, 7 of which were significant ( P < .05). Chart reviews demonstrated significant improvement in documentation of seizure description ( P = .008), seizure frequency ( P = .00), and possible causes of seizures/epilepsy ( P = .034). Discussion. Key elements of success to this program included hands on clinical skills building and case-based teaching, development of a program with direct and ongoing input from the target audience, and inclusion of assessments to monitor impact on clinical practice. Future studies looking at health outcomes are necessary to determine sustained impact.