Role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic indicator for hemodialysis arteriovenous fistula failure

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the role of preoperative peripheral blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in predicting early arteriovenous fistula failure. The impact of postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio on arteriovenous fistula failure was also investigated. Methods: Medical records from 470 patients who underwent first-time arteriovenous fistula creation were studied. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were obtained. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to determine the optimal cutoff values of preoperative and postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios for predicting early arteriovenous fistula failure. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate whether the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio parameters were prognostic indicators for arteriovenous fistula failure. Results: Complete data from 396 patients were studied. The prevalence of early arteriovenous fistula failure was 30.6%. The optimal cutoff values of preoperative and postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios for predicting early arteriovenous fistula failure were 2.7 (82.6% sensitivity and 52.0% specificity) and 2.9 (78.5% sensitivity and 73.1% specificity), respectively. By univariate and multivariate analyses, high preoperative and postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios were significantly associated with early arteriovenous fistula failure. The adjusted odds ratios were 5.46 (95% confidence interval: 3.15–9.48) and 7.19 (95% confidence interval: 4.12–12.55), respectively. Conclusions: High preoperative and postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios significantly predict early arteriovenous fistula failure.