Totally Implantable Central Venous Access: 15 Years’ Experience in a Single Unit

Abstract

The use of Totally Implantable Central Venous Access Systems (T.I.C.V.A.S.) has become an essential aid for those patients requiring extended intravenous infusion treatments or complete parenteral nutrition, and for whom the peripheral venous system may be or may become inadequate for infusions. This paper describes fifteen years of experience in the use of totally implantable systems. It examines the application methods as well as the different systems, complications, patient satisfaction, quality of life, and cost/benefit ratio. We examined 261 patients observed during a period of approximately 15 years. A surgical team carried out the operations for these patients in an operating room under the strictest asepsis conditions. The Port-a-Cath central venous access systems were used in 221 cases (84.6%) and the Pas-Port peripheral venous access systems were used in 40 cases (15.3%). We observed no particular differences between the different types of systems implanted. The total rate of complications was 11.7%, 0.7% of which were positioning complications, 4.2% stability complications, and 6.1% management complications. There were 2 cases (0.76%) of defective performance of the implanted system. We found patient satisfaction with the method average in 19.85% of the cases, good in 70.23% and excellent in 11.9%. Quality of life improved because of reduced total hospitalization time and more convenient treatment management. Regarding the cost/benefit ratio we also found that the benefits outnumbered costs. In connection with the cost of the system the possibility of home management leads to a marked decrease in hospitalization expenditure. Today these systems should be considered as being essential in the correct management of the patient requiring medium-to-long-term infusion treatment. On the whole these treatments are well accepted by the patient and the possibility of home or day hospital management allows a marked reduction in hospitalization, which affects both social life and costs. The incidence of complications was found to be relatively low considering that most of them are the result of poor management of the system by the paramedical personnel or by the relatives of the patients. In this sense, better education in the management of the system would further optimize results.