The Latent Genetic Structure of Impulsivity and Its Relation to Internalizing Psychopathology

Author:

Gustavson Daniel E.123ORCID,Friedman Naomi P.45ORCID,Fontanillas Pierre6,Elson Sarah L.6,Palmer Abraham A.37,Sanchez-Roige Sandra3,

Affiliation:

1. Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center

2. Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center

3. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego

4. Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder

5. Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder;

6. 23andMe, Sunnyvale, California

7. Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego

Abstract

Factor analyses suggest that impulsivity traits that capture tendencies to act prematurely or take risks tap partially distinct constructs. We applied genomic structure equation modeling to evaluate the genetic factor structure of two well-established impulsivity questionnaires, using published statistics from genome-wide association studies of up to 22,861 participants. We also tested the hypotheses that delay discounting would be genetically separable from other impulsivity factors and that emotionally triggered facets of impulsivity (urgency) would be those most strongly genetically correlated with an internalizing latent factor. A five-factor model best fitted the impulsivity data. Delay discounting was genetically distinct from these five factors. As expected, the two urgency subscales were most strongly related to an internalizing-psychopathology latent factor. These findings provide empirical genetic evidence that impulsivity can be broken down into distinct categories of differential relevance for internalizing psychopathology. They also demonstrate how measured genetic markers can be used to inform theories of psychology and personality.

Funder

National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

California Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program

National Institute on Drug Abuse

brain and behavior research foundation

National Institute of Mental Health

National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

General Psychology

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