The Effects of MALL on L2 Pronunciation Learning: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Mobile-assisted language learning has emerged as a valuable tool for L2 pronunciation learning as it offers ample opportunities for learners to perform authentic learning activities anytime and anywhere. However, the extent to which mobile devices may facilitate or enhance L2 pronunciation has yet to be systematically investigated. To address the research gap, the study drew on a meta-analytic framework to examine the overall average effect of mobile devices on L2 pronunciation learning. The meta-analysis consisted of 13 primary studies featured in an experimental vs. control group design published between 2009 and 2020. These studies involved 655 participants and reported 19 effect sizes in the results. The analysis revealed a robust effect size ( d = .66) as captured by a random-effects model, indicating a significant effect concerning the use of mobile devices on L2 pronunciation learning. In the meta-analysis, significant moderators were also identified, and their moderating effects were critically examined. In light of the research findings, it is argued that innovative activities and tasks using mobile devices can be adopted for both language instructors and learners due to their portability, connectivity, and individuality.