Bully-Victims: An Analysis of Subtypes and Risk Characteristics

Author:

Kennedy Reeve S.1

Affiliation:

1. University of New Hampshire, Durham, USA

Abstract

Bully-victims are often found to be the most high-risk group involved in bullying, yet limited prior research has explored differences among bully-victims. This study aims to fill that gap by exploring within-group differences of youth involved in both bullying perpetration and victimization. In a nationally representative sample of 165 youth ages 5 to 17, four bully-victim types were created using cutoff points based on the amount of perpetration and victimization reported: high bully-victims ( n = 38), aggression predominant bully-victims ( n = 67), victimization predominant bully-victims ( n = 23), and moderate bully-victims ( n = 37). Analyses revealed distinct differences among the groups, particularly relating to traumatic symptoms, types of bullying involvement, and nonvictimization adversity. The findings confirm that there is heterogeneity among bully-victims. The most substantial difference was found between the high group and the moderate group, with the high group significantly more likely to report depression ( p < .05) and anxiety symptoms ( p < .05), and more than two times more likely to experience past-year adversity than the moderate group. The findings from this study indicate that youth involved in high amounts of both perpetration and victimization are considerably more at risk of traumatic symptoms and nonvictimization adversity than youth involved in fewer bullying behaviors. These findings can be used to inform both research and practice, particularly in regard to targeted evidence-based interventions that meet the unique needs of each type.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Applied Psychology,Clinical Psychology

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1. Explaining the Victim-Offender Overlap of Cyberbullying Using Low Self-Control and Parental Bonds;Crime & Delinquency;2023-12-15

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3. Relationship between Bullying Behaviors, Anxiety and Social Anxiety in Children;Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi;2023-11-27

4. Bully-victims in bullying and cyberbullying: An analysis of school-level risk factors;Social Psychology of Education;2023-10-16

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