Changes in processing speed during early abstinence from alcohol dependence

Author:

Powell Anna12ORCID,Sumnall Harry23,Kullu Cecil4,Owens Lynn25ORCID,Montgomery Catharine12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK

2. Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, Liverpool, UK

3. Public Health Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK

4. Mersey Care NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK

5. University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK

Abstract

Background: Processing speed is a task-independent construct underpinning more complex goal-related abilities. Processing speed is impaired in alcohol dependence (AD) and is linked to relapse, as are the functions it underpins. Reliable measurement of processing speed may allow tracking of AD recovery trajectories and identify patients requiring additional support. Aims: To assess changes in reaction time (RT) from baseline (at the start of a detoxification programme) across early abstinence. Methods: Vibrotactile RT was assessed in early recovery between days 3 and 7 of treatment in 66 individuals with AD (25 females; aged 19–74, 44.60 ± 10.60 years) and against 35 controls tested on one occasion (19 females; 41.00 ± 13.60), using two multivariate multiple regressions. A mixed multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) of available AD data ( n = 45) assessed change in RT between timepoints and between treatment settings (outpatient vs inpatient). Results: The group (AD vs control) significantly predicted choice RT at baseline and follow-up but did not significantly predict simple RT or RT variability, which is inconsistent with previous findings. At follow-up, mental fatigue was also predicted by the group, and MANCOVA indicated that this had worsened in inpatients but improved in outpatients. Conclusions: Recovery of RT measures so early in the treatment journey was not in line with previous research which indicates persisting deficits. The interaction between setting and timepoint indicates that despite being typically less medically complex, outpatients require ongoing support and monitoring during their recovery.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

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