Differences in quality of life in patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus with varying income levels

Abstract

Background Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is an autoimmune photosensitive skin condition. The impact of income on quality of life has been incompletely characterized in CLE. Objectives We aimed to assess how annual income affects quality of life among CLE patients. Methods In this cross-sectional study of 238 patients with CLE, relationships between predictor variables including annual income and each SKINDEX-29 + 3 subdomain were identified using univariate and multivariable analyses. In addition, answers to individual SKINDEX-29 + 3 questions were compared across income groups. Clinical factors in patients making less than <10,000 USD (N = 85) with worse SKINDEX-29 + 3 scores were also identified by univariate and multivariable analyses. Results Patients making <10,000 USD annually experienced worse quality of life across multiple SKINDEX-29 + 3 subdomains (p < 0.05). These patients specifically experienced poorer quality of life relating to social isolation and self-consciousness. (p < 0.001). Among those making <10,000 USD, predictors for worse quality of life included females, smokers, and those with higher skin disease activity were identified (p < 0.05). Limitations: This is a single center study. Income was also self-reported and could not be verified. Conclusions Lower income is related to poorer quality of life in patients with CLE. Specifically, patients experience limitations regarding social isolation and self-consciousness.