A microscale constitutive model for thin stainless steel sheets considering size effect

Abstract

This research is focused on the modeling of the deformation behavior of thin austenitic stainless steel sheets to consider size effect in microscale. First, the material with two different thicknesses is heat treated to obtain different grain sizes, and then they are characterized by the uniaxial tensile tests. The experimental results show that flow stress decreases with the reduction of the sheet thickness and the increase of the grain size. The decline of the flow stress curve is associated with the decrease of the strength coefficient and increase of the hardening exponent as the plastic deformation is scaled down to the microscale. To better model the behavior of the material in the microscale, a new constitutive model is proposed based on the Swift equation to take into account the geometry and grain size effect. This model is also defined in the finite element model of the uniaxial tensile test. It is found that the flow stress curve predicted by the proposed constitutive model shifts down by the decrease of the number of grains across the thickness, which are consistent with the experimental results. In addition, the finite element model with the proposed constitutive model predicts accurately the deformation load in the uniaxial tensile tests. It can be concluded that the proposed constitutive model can provide a good description of the flow stress by considering the interactive effect of specimen and grain sizes and can be used in the modeling of material behavior in microforming processes.