Behavioral and Emotional Problems Reported by Parents of Children Ages 6 to 16 in 31 Societies

Author:

Rescorla Leslie1,Achenbach Thomas2,Ivanova Masha Y.2,Dumenci Levent2,Almqvist Fredrik3,Bilenberg Niels4,Bird Hector5,Wei Chen 6,Dobrean Anca7,Döpfner Manfred8,Erol Nese9,Fombonne Eric10,Fonseca Antonio11,Frigerio Alessandra12,Grietens Hans13,Hannesdottir Helga14,Kanbayashi Yasuko15,Lambert Michael16,Larsson BO17,Leung Patrick18,Xianchen Liu 19,Minaei Asghar20,Mulatu Mesfin S.21,Novik Torunn S.22,Oh Kyung-Ja23,Roussos Alexandra24,Sawyer Michael25,Simsek Zeynep26,Steinhausen Hans-Christoph27,Weintraub Sheila28,Weisz John29,Metzke Christa Winkler27,Wolanczyk Tomasz30,Yang Hao-Jan31,Zilber Nelly32,Zukauskiene Rita33,Verhulst Frank34

Affiliation:

1. Child Study Institute at Bryn Mawr College in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

2. University of Vermont, Burlington

3. Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland City

4. University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

5. Columbia University, New York

6. National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

7. Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj, Romania

8. Köln University, Cologne, Germany

9. Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey

10. McGill University, Montreal, Canada

11. University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

12. Istituto Scientifico Eugenio Medea, Lecco, Italy

13. University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

14. University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland

15. Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan

16. University of Missouri, Columbia

17. Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

18. Chinese Univerity of Hong Kong

19. University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

20. Research Institute of Exceptional Children, Tehran, Iran

21. The MayaTech Corporation, Silver Spring, Maryland

22. Buskerud Hospital, Drammen, Norway

23. Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea

24. Attiki Child Psychiatric Hospital, Athens, Greece

25. University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

26. University of Harran, Harran, Turkey

27. University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

28. Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland

29. Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts

30. Medical University of Warsaw, Poland

31. Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

32. Falk Institute for Mental Health Studies and the French Research Center, Jerusalem, Israel

33. Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, Lithuania

34. Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,

Abstract

This study compared parents' ratings of behavioral and emotional problems on the Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach, 1991;Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001) for general population samples of children ages 6 to 16 from 31 societies ( N = 55,508). Effect sizes for society ranged from .03 to .14. Effect sizes for gender were ≤ .01, with girls generally scoring higher on Internalizing problems and boys generally scoring higher on Externalizing problems. Effect sizes for age were ≤ .01 and varied across types of problems.Total Problems scores for 19 of 31 societies were within 1 SD of the overall mean of 22.5. Bisociety correlations for mean item scores averaged .74. The findings indicate that parents' reports of children's problems were similar in many ways across highly diverse societies. Nonetheless, effect sizes for society were larger than those for gender and age, indicating the need to take account of multicultural variations in parents' reports of children's problems.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Psychiatry and Mental health,Clinical Psychology,Developmental and Educational Psychology,Education

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