Relationship between anatomical injury site of rectus femoris muscle strain and time taken to return to play in Japanese professional soccer players

Abstract

Purpose The rectus femoris has three myotendinous or myoaponeurosis junctions and causes three types of muscle strain anatomically. We aimed to investigate the anatomical injury site of the rectus femoris muscle strain in professional soccer players as well as the characteristic findings on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to evaluate its relationship with the time taken to return to play at competition levels. Methods Thirteen Japanese professional soccer players who sustained injuries to the rectus femoris were included in this study. The mechanism of injury, anatomical injury site, severity, absence of hematomas, and time taken to return to competition were evaluated. Results Ten patients were injured while kicking and three while sprinting. The anatomical injury site was the origin aponeurosis in two cases, intramuscular tendon in eight cases, and distal aponeurosis in three cases. The severity was one-degree in three cases and two-degree in 10 cases. Hematomas were observed in five cases. Cases with injuries caused by sprinting, two-degree injuries, or clear hematomas were associated with significantly longer periods of return to play than the other cases. Additionally, patients with distal aponeurosis-type injuries tended to take a long time to return to the competition. Conclusions In rectus femoris muscle strain, it is important to evaluate the anatomical injury site, severity, and absence of hematomas on MRI. Not only the injury mechanism, a clear hematoma, and high severity but also distal aponeurosis injuries may be associated with long periods of return to play at competition levels.