Gender, Development, and Neoliberalism: HIV/ AIDS in Cambodia

Abstract

Thanks to the anti-HIV/AIDS measures of international and non-governmental organizations, Cambodia has been considered a successful case in preventing the transmission of the virus. Declaration of such a victory for the Cambodian case is premature, however, given that HIV prevalence continues to rise among women and, according to Cambodian health officials, another wave of epidemic could occur soon. This study discusses how the implementation of neoliberal economic policies without counterbalancing social policy measures undermines the sustainability and effectiveness of such short-term measures by creating a risky environment for the epidemic. Trade liberalization policies have exacerbated poverty, mobility, and gender inequality, making women more susceptible and vulnerable to HIV/AIDS. JEL classification: I18, F13, O19