On Negative Labor Values

Abstract

In this article it is shown that values with joint production are always positive but not unambiguously determined. Steedman's "negative values" result from the arbitrary and economically contradictory postulate of equality between individual and average productivity of value. They are not values but mathematical conditions, with which this economically contradictory postulate could be satisfied: it could be satisfied, if negative values and hence negative productivities existed.