Preclinical Evidence of Intra-Articular Autologous Cartilage Micrograft for Osteochondral Repair: Evaluation in a Rat Model

Author:

Desando Giovanna1ORCID,Grigolo Brunella1ORCID,Deangelles Pereira Florentino Álvaro2,Teixeira Marcelo Weinstein2,Barbagallo Federica3,Naro Fabio4,da Silva-Júnior Valdemiro Amaro2,Soares Anísio Francisco2

Affiliation:

1. Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy

2. Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco–UFRPE, Brazil

3. Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

4. Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

Abstract

Objective The search for an effective and long-lasting strategy to treat osteochondral defects (OCD) is a great challenge. Regenerative medicine launched a new era of research in orthopaedics for restoring normal tissue functions. The aim of this study was to test the healing potential of Rigenera micrografting technology in a rat model of OCD by investigating 2 cartilage donor sites. Methods Full-thickness OCD was bilaterally created in the knee joints of rats. Animals were randomly divided into 2 groups based on the anatomical site used for micrograft collection: articular (TO) and xiphoid (XA). Micrograft was injected into the knee via an intra-articular approach. The contralateral joint served as the control. Euthanasia was performed 2 months after the set-up of OCD. Histological evaluations foresaw hematoxylin/eosin and safranin-O/fast green staining, the modified O’Driscoll score, and collagen 1A1 and 2A1 immunostaining. Kruskal-Wallis and the post hoc Dunn test were performed to evaluate differences among groups. Results Histological results showed defect filling in both autologous micrografts. The TO group displayed tissue repair with more hyaline-like characteristics than its control ( P < 0.01). A fibrocartilaginous aspect was instead noticed in the XA group. Immunohistochemical assessments on type 2A1 and type 1 collagens confirmed the best histological results in the TO group. Conclusions TO and XA groups contributed to a different extent to fill the OCD lesions. TO group provided the best histological and immunohistochemical results; therefore, it could be a promising method to treat OCD after the validation in a larger animal model.

Funder

coordenação de aperfeiçoamento de pessoal de nível superior

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation,Biomedical Engineering,Immunology and Allergy

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