Examining UN PKO contributions at multiple levels

Author:

Ye Min1ORCID,Li Quan2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Political Science, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, SC, USA

2. Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

Abstract

Most empirical studies on states’ personnel contributions to UN peacekeeping operations (PKOs) use a state’s annual contributions as the unit of analysis. A critical problem of the state-level analysis is that it ignores the fact that states have to decide how to distribute these peacekeepers among more than a dozen peacekeeping missions. Ignoring the mission-level decision misses a significant part of states’ UN PKO contributions and could bias our empirical analysis. We propose a two-level model that sees a state’s UN PKO contributions as the interactions between the state-level and mission-level factors. This model is employed to revisit the heatedly debated “reimbursement hypothesis”. Our analysis of the empirical data between 1990 and 2018 shows a mixed relationship between states’ economic development and their UN PKO contributions. We also find that middle-income rather than low-income countries are the most critical providers of UN PKOs since the end of the cold war.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Political Science and International Relations,Sociology and Political Science,General Business, Management and Accounting

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