Dynamic Transmit–Receive Beamforming by Spatial Matched Filtering for Ultrasound Imaging with Plane Wave Transmission

Author:

Chen Yuling1,Lou Yang2,Yen Jesse2

Affiliation:

1. Zonare Medical Systems/Mindray North America Innovation Center, Mountain View, California, USA

2. University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA

Abstract

During conventional ultrasound imaging, the need for multiple transmissions for one image and the time of flight for a desired imaging depth limit the frame rate of the system. Using a single plane wave pulse during each transmission followed by parallel receive processing allows for high frame rate imaging. However, image quality is degraded because of the lack of transmit focusing. Beamforming by spatial matched filtering (SMF) is a promising method which focuses ultrasonic energy using spatial filters constructed from the transmit–receive impulse response of the system. Studies by other researchers have shown that SMF beamforming can provide dynamic transmit–receive focusing throughout the field of view. In this paper, we apply SMF beamforming to plane wave transmissions (PWTs) to achieve both dynamic transmit–receive focusing at all imaging depths and high imaging frame rate (>5000 frames per second). We demonstrated the capability of the combined method (PWT + SMF) of achieving two-way focusing mathematically through analysis based on the narrowband Rayleigh–Sommerfeld diffraction theory. Moreover, the broadband performance of PWT + SMF was quantified in terms of lateral resolution and contrast from both computer simulations and experimental data. Results were compared between SMF beamforming and conventional delay-and-sum (DAS) beamforming in both simulations and experiments. At an imaging depth of 40 mm, simulation results showed a 29% lateral resolution improvement and a 160% contrast improvement with PWT + SMF. These improvements were 17% and 48% for experimental data with noise.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology

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1. Ultrasound Imaging Using the Coherence of Estimated Channel Data;IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control;2022-07

2. Coherent Plane Wave Compounding Combined With Tensor Completion Applied for Ultrafast Imaging;IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control;2021-10

3. A unified deep network for beamforming and speckle reduction in plane wave imaging: A simulation study;Ultrasonics;2020-04

4. Ultrasound Imaging through Layers with Unknown Parameters;Acoustical Physics;2020-03

5. Ultrasonic Imaging in Layered Objects by Decomposing Spatiotemporal Signals into a Plane Wave Spectrum;Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics;2020-01

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