The speedboat vertebral fracture: a hazard of holiday watersports

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this study was to describe and characterise spinal fractures sustained by watercraft occupants due to splashdown of light watercraft when riding over uneven water surfaces. Methods A retrospective review of all patients presenting with these injuries to St Luke’s and Mater Dei state hospitals in Malta over a 10-year period was undertaken to determine patient demographics, the nature of spinal injuries sustained and the incidence of any associated extra-spinal injuries. Results Twenty-one patients (mean age 41.2 years) suffered 25 fractures. Injuries were seasonal, occurring exclusively between the months of May and October. One patient was local whilst 20 were from other countries. All fractures were Magerl type A fractures and occurred around the thoracolumbar junction. The L1 vertebra was most commonly affected (12 patients). Four patients sustained two vertebral fractures. There were no extra-spinal injuries. Conclusions Watercraft splashdown can transmit significant forces to occupants, resulting in Magerl type A vertebral fractures around the thoracolumbar junction. These injuries occur under compression. They are highly consistent in their morphology and localisation and should be excluded in individuals complaining of back pain after watercraft use. Almost all patients were from outside Malta and injuries were seasonal, providing opportunities for targeted injury prevention campaigns.