Volatile Constituents from the Leaves, Fruits (Berries), Stems and Roots of Solanum xanthocarpum from Nepal

Abstract

The essential oils from the leaves, fruits, roots, and stems of Solanum xanthocarpum, growing wild in Nepal, have been obtained and analyzed by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry. The fruit volatiles were dominated by benzyl benzoate (21.7%) and ( E, E)-geranyl linalool (12.6%); heptacosane (20.0%) was the major component of the leaf oil; the stem oil was dominated by palmitic acid (28.9%), heptacosane (12.8%) and linoleic acid (10.1%); while solavetivone (22.9%), palmitic acid (21.0%), and linoleic acid (8.2%) were the major components of the root essential oil. There do not seem to be any common phytochemical taxonomic markers in the essential oils of Solanum spp; the chemical diversity observed in this genus mirrors the taxonomic diversity.