Variation in the Contents of Neochlorogenic Acid, Chlorogenic Acid and Three Quercetin Glycosides in Leaves and Fruits of Rowan (Sorbus) Species and Varieties from Collections in Lithuania

Abstract

Our research aim was to investigate the quantitative composition of neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin, hyperoside and isoquercitrin in leaves and fruit of introduced rowan plants to Lithuania using a HPLC method. In leaf and fruit samples, quantitative estimation of neochlorogenic acid (in leaf samples 1.11–11.49 mg/g, in fruit samples 0.93–5.43 mg/g), chlorogenic acid (in leaf samples 2.74–21.91 mg/g, in fruit samples 0.55–7.50 mg/g), rutin (in leaf samples 0.03–4.88 mg/g, in fruit samples 0.02-0.39 mg/g), hyperoside (in leaf samples 0.15–7.44 mg/g, in fruit samples 0.02–1.19 mg/g) and isoquercitrin (in leaf samples 0.75–5.24 mg/g, in fruit samples 0.02-0.65 mg/g) was performed. In leaf samples, the total content of identified phenolic compounds ranged from 7.18 to 35.74 mg/g. In fruit, raw material total content of neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid and identified flavonoids varied from 2.24 to 11.19 mg/g. Comparison of raw material samples of Sorbus species according to their quantitative composition of identified phenolic compounds using cluster analysis singularized S. commixta leaf and fruit samples. These contained the highest contents of chlorogenic acid, hyperoside and isoquercitrin, but also the lowest contents of neochlorogenic acid and rutin. The highest contents of neochlorogenic acid were recorded for S. lancifolia leaves, and of rutin for S. anglica leaves.