The genetic truth of surrogate parentage

Author:

Goswami Gajendra K1

Affiliation:

1. Academy of Central Bureau of Investigation, Ghaziabad, India

Abstract

Old family laws presume that the husband is the father of any child born to a married couple; a socio-legal fiction. A social and biological father is presumed to be one and the same. The cocoon of legitimacy protects marriage but the child born outside valid marriage is recognised as ‘illegitimate’. Assisted reproduction technologies strengthened reproductive rights but confuse purity of lineage and genetically divorce socio-legal parentage from biological parentage. The lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender reproductive rights, surrogacy, gamete donation, delayed pregnancies using cryopreserved embryos, single parentage, virgin mothers (virgin birth), live-in relationship are increasingly recognised under the cover of human dignity but obscure parentage. In contrast to parental rights of reproductive autonomy, equity demands the child’s right to know its biological parentage, recognised under Article 7 of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989. DNA profiling may clarify the genetic parentage with virtual certainty but with multiple limitations. DNA forensics ascertains the genetic makeup of a child linking putative parents irrespective of any social relationship between them. The right to know biological linkages gained paramount significance in cases like displacement, adoption, child trafficking and variants of cross-genetic in vitro fertilization including complete surrogacy. The ‘reproductive tourism’ promotes crossing borders and bodies, enabling conception in the countries with extreme religious and legal barriers.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

General Medicine

Cited by 8 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

1. Mapping Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI) of gamete donation;Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics;2024-08-26

2. Mapping ethical, legal, and social implications (ELSI) of fertility preservation;Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics;2024-08-14

3. Retracing Islamic Prohibition on Genetic Gestational Surrogacy (Uterine Service) for Married Couples;Australian Journal of Islamic Studies;2023-06-10

4. Impact of DNA evidence in criminal justice system: Indian legislative perspectives;Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences;2022-11-16

5. Bioethical issues and legal frameworks of surrogacy: A global perspective about the right to health and dignity;European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology;2021-03

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