Percutaneous nephrolithotomy outcomes based on body mass index: A 5-year retrospective study in an Indonesian tertiary hospital

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) outcomes and complications for nephrolithiasis. Patients and methods: Patients with a history of PCNL surgery from 2012 to 2017 in Dr. Soetomo General-Academic Hospital were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were then categorized into four groups: underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m2), normal (BMI 18.5 to 24.99 kg/m2), overweight (BMI ⩾25–29.9 kg/m2), and obese (BMI ⩾30 kg/m2). The association between BMI, subjects’ characteristics, length of stay, stone-free rate (SFR), and complications were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and univariate logistic regression. Results: The study included 430 male patients (58%) and 310 female patients (42%). They were classified based on their BMI into underweight ( n = 5, 1%), normal weight ( n = 291, 39%), overweight ( n = 271, 37%), and obese ( n = 173, 23%) groups. The underweight BMI group had a higher average blood loss ( p=0.002) compared to the other groups; however, the univariate logistic regression showed that BMI had no significant effect on SFR ( p=0.491). Conclusion: PCNL is safe and feasible to be performed in patients with different BMI as obesity has no impact on the outcomes and complications associated with PCNL. Level of evidence 3