The effect of successful lower extremity revascularization on aortic stiffness in patients with peripheral arterial disease

Abstract

Objective Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a global health problem and associated with poor outcomes. It causes increased arterial stiffness. The association of PAD with aortic arterial stiffness was investigated in previous studies. However, there is limited data regarding the effect of peripheral revascularization on arterial stiffness. The aim of our study is to investigate the effect of peripheral revascularization on aortic stiffness parameters in patients with symptomatic PAD. Methods A total of 48 patients with PAD who underwent peripheral revascularization were included in the study. Echocardiography was performed before and after the procedure, and aortic stiffness parameters were obtained by using aortic diameters and arterial blood pressure measurements. Results Post-procedural aortic strain (5.1 [1.3–14] vs. 6.3 [2.8–6.3], p = 0.009) and aortic distensibility (0.2 [0.0–0.9] vs. 0.3 [0.1–1.1], p = 0.001) measurements were significantly increased compared to pre-procedural values. Patients were also compared according to the lesion laterality, site and treatment methods. It was found that the change in aortic strain ( p = 0.031) and distensibility ( p = 0.043) were significantly higher in unilateral lesion compared to bilateral lesion. Also, the change in aortic strain ( p = 0.042) and distensibility ( p = 0.033) were significantly higher in iliac site lesion compared to superficial femoral artery (SFA) site lesion. Moreover, the change in aortic strain was significantly higher ( p = 0.013) in patients treated with stent compared to only balloon angioplasty. Conclusion Our study showed that successful percutaneous revascularization significantly reduced aortic stiffness in PAD. The change in aortic stiffness was significantly higher in unilateral lesions, iliac site lesions and stent-treated lesions.