Explant of an infected, endo-trashed IVC filter in an immunosuppressed patient with chronically occluded iliocaval stents

Abstract

Background In the absence of a contiguous bowel perforation or intraabdominal source, infection of a retained vena cava filter in an occluded IVC has never been described. Objective To describe a case of an infected IVC filter in a chronically occluded iliocaval segment. Methods Here we present a case of an immunosuppressed 35-year-old female with chronically occluded iliocaval stents and an extensive staphylococcus hominis infection of a previously endo-trashed Bard Eclipse® filter. Particular attention is paid to supportive imaging in establishing the diagnosis and technical aspects of successful device explant and retroperitoneal debridement. Results At 6 months postoperatively, the patient was doing well without evidence of recurrent infection. Her lower extremity edema was controlled with compression alone. Conclusions The main objective of this operation was source control with debridement of the infection and removal of the filter and as much of the iliac vein as safely possible. Superinfection of a previously placed iliocaval stents and inferior vena cava filter remains a concern in patients with retroperitoneal infection and chronic iliocaval occlusion. Operative explant and debridement can be safely performed in patients with favorable cardiopulmonary risk.