A retrospective review of patients with massive and submassive pulmonary embolism treated with AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy with decreased complications due to changes in thrombolytic use and procedural modifications

Abstract

Objectives A retrospective review of treatment of patients with massive or submassive pulmonary embolism (PE) using AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy (ART) system with procedural modifications to improve on the previously reported outcomes. Materials and Methods Thirteen patients underwent emergent pulmonary artery thrombectomy for massive and submassive PE using ART with pharmacological and procedural modification, in comparison to prior reports. The modifications included the selective use of the Solent Omni AngioJet device in all subjects, distal contrast angiography via the AngioJet catheter before device activation, and limited short run times. Thrombolytic therapy was not used in any patient. Patients were monitored for short- and long-term outcomes. Long-term clinical follow-up and evaluation for persistent pulmonary hypertension with echocardiography was performed. Results The pharmacological and procedural modifications resulted in a favorable clinical response without any major complications and without any mortality. Procedure-related anemia (mean hemoglobin drop of 0.49 g/dl) was the only significant minor complication noted. There were no bleeding complications and no transfusion requirement. On a six-month follow-up, there was no mortality, and there were significant reductions in the pulmonary artery pressures. Conclusion Major and minor complications were reduced compared to prior reports using ART. A modified ART approach towards treatment of high-risk PE appears promising both in terms of efficacy and safety.