Clinical Outcomes of Trauma Patients after Implementation of a Standardised Diversion Protocol for Trauma Patients in Two Regional Hospitals in Hong Kong

Abstract

Introduction Despite recent advance in prehospital trauma diversion, patients are triaged to the nearest medical facility before transferred to designated trauma centre. A new standardised diversion protocol for trauma patients was implemented on 1st April 2011 to facilitate trauma care. Severely-injured patients were transferred to designated trauma centre directly from emergency department of the regional hospital after initial resuscitation. Objective This study was undertaken to examine clinical outcomes of trauma patients after implementation of the new standardised diversion protocol for trauma patients in the emergency department. Method This was a before-and-after interventional study on trauma patients presenting to the emergency department in critical or emergency conditions during the study period from 1st April 2011 to 31st March 2012. Patients presented in the two-year period before implementation of the trauma protocol were used as historical control. Medical records of eligible cases were reviewed. Main outcome measures were 30-day mortality, length of hospital stay and time to definitive care. Mortality data was compared with oversea standard by TRISS methodology. Results There were 153 eligible patients in the study group and 355 in the historical control group. After new arrangement of trauma diversion, W-statistics improves from -1.26 to 0.09. Z-statistics was -2.03 before and 0.09 after implementation. M-statistics were 0.91 before and 0.88 after the new protocol. Mean time to definitive care was shortened by 33.4 minutes in the subgroup who were transferred to trauma centre after trauma team activation (p=0.005). Conclusion A trend of improved outcomes and shorter time to definitive care are observed after implementation of the new trauma diversion protocol. (Hong Kong j.emerg.med. 2015;22:201-209)