Health Status following Major Trauma in the West of Scotland: Pilot Descriptive Study

Abstract

Background Data on the long-term outcome of major trauma survivors in the United Kingdom (UK) is lacking. This pilot study aimed to investigate the health status of survivors of major trauma without significant head injury in the West of Scotland, and to compare the Short-Form 12 (SF12) questionnaire administered by telephone (TSF12) to the longer Short-Form 36 (SF36) questionnaire. Methods This was a descriptive, comparative, pilot clinical study. Eligible patients had an injury severity score (ISS) >15, sustained their injuries >2 years ago, abbreviated injury score (AIS) <2 for head trauma and were treated in two Glasgow hospitals. The Short-Form 36 (SF36) health status questionnaire was completed at home, and the Short-Form 12 (SF12) questionnaire was administered by telephone (TSF12). Results From 141 eligible patients (85% male, median age 35 years, median ISS 19 and median Ps 0.981), 13 patients completed the study. Despite small numbers, mean SF36 scores were significantly lower in four dimensions compared to UK means. SF36 summary scores were non-significantly below US and UK means. The TSF12 physical summary score was significantly below US and UK means. Correlations between the SF36 and TSF12, and SF12 intra-class correlations were high. One-way ANOVA showed significantly lower mental summary scores for patients with spinal injuries. Conclusions This small study suggests that non-head injured survivors of major trauma have lower health status than the UK average. The TSF12 appears to be a practical alternative to the conventional SF36 and warrants larger scale evaluation.