1. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
2. Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
3. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
4. Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
5. School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia