Cuff Leak Test for the Diagnosis of Post-Extubation Stridor: A Multicenter Evaluation Study

Author:

Schnell David1234,Planquette Benjamin5,Berger Asaël1,Merceron Sybille235,Mayaux Julien6,Strasbach Lucas1,Legriel Stéphane5,Valade Sandrine23,Darmon Michael78,Meziani Ferhat14

Affiliation:

1. Medical ICU, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg Cedex, France

2. Medical ICU, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France

3. UFR de Médecine, University Paris-7 Paris-Diderot, Paris, France

4. Clinical Research in Intensive Care and Sepsis group, Tours, France

5. Centre Hospitalier André Mignot, Polyvalent ICU, Le Chesnay, France

6. Pneumology Ward and Medical ICU, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France

7. Medical-Surgical ICU, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France

8. Jacques Lisfranc Medical School, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne, France

Abstract

Background: Cuff leak test was developed to predict the occurrence of post-extubation stridor (PES). This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of this test in unselected critically ill patients. Methods: Multicenter prospective study including unselected ventilated patients at the time of their first planned extubation. The diagnostic performance of 4 different cuff leak tests was assessed. Results: Post-extubation stridor occurred in 34 (9.4%) of 362 included patients. Compared to patients without PES, patients with PES required more frequently reintubation (6 [17.6%] vs 26 [7.9%], P = .041), prolonged duration of ventilation (6 [3-13] vs 5 [2-9] days, P = .029), and longer intensive care unit (ICU) stay (12 [6-17.5] vs 7.5 [4-13] days, P = .018). However, ICU mortality was similar in both groups (1 [2.9%] vs 23 [7.0%], P = .61). The 4 cuff leak tests display poor diagnostic accuracy: sensitivities ranging from 27% to 46%, specificities from 70% to 88%, positive predictive values from 14% to 19%, and negative predictive values from 92% to 93%. Conclusion: Post-extubation stridor occurs in less than 10% of unselected critically ill patients. The several cuff leak tests display limited diagnostic performance for the detection of PES. Given the high rate of false positives, routine cuff leak test may expose to undue prolonged mechanical ventilation.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine

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