A 10-Year Prospective Trial of a Patient Management Algorithm and Screening Examination for Highly Active Individuals with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

Abstract

Background A treatment algorithm and screening examination have been developed to guide patient management and prospectively determine potential for highly active individuals to succeed with nonoperative care after anterior cruciate ligament rupture. Objective To prospectively characterize and classify the entire population of highly active individuals over a 10-year period and provide final outcomes for individuals who elected nonoperative care. Methods Inclusion criteria included presentation within 7 months of the index injury and an International Knee Documentation Committee level I or II activity level before injury. Concomitant injury, unresolved impairments, and a screening examination were used as criteria to guide management and classify individuals as noncopers (poor potential) or potential copers (good potential) for nonoperative care. Results A total of 832 highly active patients with subacute anterior cruciate ligament tears were seen over the 10-year period; 315 had concomitant injuries, 87 had unresolved impairments, and 85 did not participate in the classification algorithm. The remaining 345 patients (216 men, 129 women) participated in the screening examination a mean of 6 weeks after the index injury. There were 199 subjects classified as noncopers and 146 as potential copers. Sixty-three of 88 potential copers successfully returned to preinjury activities without surgery, with 25 of these patients not undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction at the time of follow-up. Conclusion The classification algorithm is an effective tool for prospectively identifying individuals early after anterior cruciate ligament injury who want to pursue nonoperative care or must delay surgical intervention and have good potential to do so.