1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
2. Multicenter Orthopaedic Outcomes Network (MOON) Shoulder Group, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
3. Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Department of Internal Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
4. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri