Developing a School Improvement Scale to Transform Education into being Sustainable and Quality Driven

Abstract

This research aims to develop a school improvement scale determining the current levels and obtaining data for improvement. The need for a valid and reliable scale in process-oriented school improvement studies makes this research important. Based on a sample of 1,043 teachers in Bursa in 2021, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was .97; the Bartlett test’s chi-square value was significant. The exploratory factor analysis led the scale to consist of 33 items and 5 factors, explaining 69% of the total variance. The load values of effective leadership, school climate, teacher professional improvement, learning environment, and vision-mission varied between .51 and .98 and in the confirmatory factor analysis, with a different sample group, χ2 = 2.33 and RMSEA = .079. Other fit indices showed that the scale has good structural compatibility. Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient showed a high level of internal consistency. Hence, this scale is a valid and reliable tool that can be applied to measure school improvement.