Motivators and Barriers to COVID-19 Vaccination in Young Adults Living in the USA

Abstract

High rates of COVID-19 infection and lower vaccination rates among young adults aged 18 to 26 in the United States prompted this study to examine motivating factors and barriers to COVID-19 vaccination and identify preferences in COVID-19 vaccine education. Three focus group discussions were completed. Transcribed data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Three key themes were identified including (1) motivating factors to vaccination, (2) barriers to vaccination, and (3) COVID-19 vaccination educational intervention design recommendations. Motivating factors included five relevant subthemes: civic duty, fear related to the disease process; fear related to emerging variants and breakthroughs; fear regarding the suffering of others; and freedom. Barriers included four subthemes: lack of trust, misinformation, politics, and pressure. Attempts to further educate young adults about the COVID-19 vaccine should consider strategies that target motivating factors and barriers while also making accurate information accessible through social media.