Equipment for Inhalation Anaesthesia for Children

Abstract

The modified T-piece is the most commonly used system for inhalation anaesthesia for children in Australia. Its advantages are that it is light-weight and convenient, having low dead-space and resistance. Artificial humidification of gases is recommended to prevent drying of the trachea and to reduce heat loss in anaesthetized infants. The advantages of standard tapers in 15 mm and 22 mm sizes are discussed. These are interchangeable with other resuscitation and anaesthetic equipment. The Rendell-Baker Soucek face-masks used with a divided mask mount have smaller dead-space than cushioned face-masks. Endotracheal tubes made from PVC are preferred for children, provided they meet implantation test standards. Standard gas machines and ventilators may be used for small children, although specially designed ventilators are available.