Effect of Age on Haemodynamic Response to Tracheal Intubation. A Comparison of Young, Middle-aged and Elderly Patients

Abstract

The effect of age on the haemodynamic response to tracheal intubation was studied. Ninety ASA 1 or 2 patients were divided into three groups of 30 each based on age; i.e., young (18–25 years), middle-aged (40–50 years) and elderly (65–80 years). The haemodynamic response after tracheal intubation was observed as percentage change in heart rate and blood pressure compared to the baseline. Inter-group comparison was also done at different time points. The greatest percentage change in the systolic arterial pressure after tracheal tube insertion was seen in the elderly group (15%). The increase in systolic arterial pressure was significantly less in the young group compared with the two older groups at one, two, three and four minutes post-intubation. The greatest percentage increase in the diastolic blood pressure compared to the baseline was seen in the middle aged group (24%). The elderly and young patients showed a significant difference in the diastolic blood pressure response only at one minute post-intubation. The heart rate response was greatest in the middle-aged patients (40%) and least in the elderly (16%). These differences may have clinical significance and should be considered in assessing and performing research into the haemodynamic response to intubation.