25(OH) Vitamin D Status among Females with Preeclampsia/Eclampsia: A Long-term Plight Readdressed

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia is a life-threatening multisystem disorder of pregnancy which has been observed in 2%–10% of pregnancies. The prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency ranges from 15% to 80%. Deficiency of Vitamin D is associated with the development of preeclampsia. This study was done to find out the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency among preeclamptic/eclamptic and normal pregnant females, to establish Vitamin D deficiency as a causal factor of preeclampsia, and to elucidate the relation between 25 (OH) Vitamin D status and the severe preeclampsia. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from 50 normotensives (controls) and 50 hypertensive pregnant females with preeclampsia/eclampsia (cases), and 25 (OH) Vitamin D level was measured by chemiluminescence Immunoassay. Results: Among the preeclamptic/eclamptic group, 32 (64%) were noted with Vitamin D deficiency and 18 (36%) with Vitamin D insufficiency. In the control group, 30 (60%) pregnant women showed Vitamin D deficiency, 19 (38%) with Vitamin D insufficiency, and a sufficient level of Vitamin D was observed in one woman (2%). Conclusion: Although it is difficult to demonstrate the correlation between Vitamin D levels and preeclampsia, there is a widespread global prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy. Hence, Vitamin D supplementation can be included routinely in the antenatal care program in India.