Health Conditions and Tooth Loss in the Population of Brazil: National Health Survey (2013 and 2019)

Abstract

Aim: Certain systemic risk factors associated with tooth loss are much more common. However, population-based studies that have investigated the impact of these diseases on tooth loss and age groups are not found. The study aimed to evaluate the relationship and change in effect by age in systemic diseases with the loss of 13 or more teeth in adults and elderly people in Brazil, comparing two periods, 2013 and 2019. Materials and Methods: A total of 49,553 participants aged 18 years or older from the National Health Survey in 2013 and 77,862 in 2019 were used. Data was sorted out into five different age groups. Using a Poisson Regression model, the magnitudes of associations were analysed with sequential adjustment (95% CI). Results: All diseases (Arterial hypertension, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Diabetes, Depression and Hypercholesterolemia) were associated with tooth loss (statistically significant magnitudes of associations) in the total population in 2013 and 2019. The magnitudes of associations were decreasing in older age groups and it was only statistically significant with cardiovascular diseases and tooth loss in ≥ 65-year age group (1.10 (95% CI:1.05–1.15)). Conclusion: More than 13 teeth loss were associated with Arthritis/rheumatism, Depression, Diabetes Mellitus, Hypercholesterolemia, Systemic Arterial Hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, especially among younger age groups, which suggests a focus on the prevention and control of such systemic diseases and primary dental care.