The Michigan Men’s Diabetes Project Randomized Clinical Control Trial: A Pilot/Feasibility Study of a Peer-Led Diabetes Self-Management and Support Intervention for Black Men With Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Black men are disproportionately affected by type 2 diabetes (T2D) and experience higher diabetes-related complications than non-Hispanic White men. To address the complex barriers in diabetes self-management for Black men, we implemented a 3-month peer-led and empowerment-based Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) and Support (DSMS) intervention in Metro Detroit. Twenty-five Black men ≥55 years of age with self-reported T2D were randomized to the intervention group ( n=12)—10 hr of DSME and 9 hr of DSMS—or enhanced usual care (EUC) group ( n=13)—10 hr of DSME. Peer leaders ( n = 3) were trained by certified diabetes care and education specialists (CDCESs) to cofacilitate the support sessions. Outcomes (hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c], diabetes self-care activities, and diabetes distress) were assessed preintervention and postintervention. In the intervention and EUC groups, mean HbA1c decreased by 0.20% ( p = .52, SD = 0.99) and 0.13% ( p = .68), respectively. General diet ( p = .03, M change: 1.32, SD = 1.71) and blood glucose monitoring ( p < .05, M change: 0.50, SD = 0.74) scores improved among those in the intervention group. General diet scores also improved in the EUC group: mean change: 1.77, p = .08, although changes were not statistically significant. Changes in diabetes distress scores differed based on the number of sessions attended, with a significant decrease in those attending 7 to 12 sessions ( n = 7), >50%, ( p = .003, M change: −5.71, SD = 3.20). Implementing a peer-led DSMS program for Black men was feasible, adopted, and led to positive changes in outcomes. Scaling up the intervention and assessing sustainability is warranted.