The Three Rs: The Way Forward

Author:

Balls Michael1,Goldberg Alan M.2,Fentem Julia H.1,Broadhead Caren L.3,Burch Rex L.4,Festing Michael F.W.5,Frazier John M.6,Hendriksen Coenraad F.M.7,Jennings Margaret8,van der Kamp argot D.O.9,Morton David B.10,Rowan Andrew N.11,Russell Claire12,Russell William M.S.12,Spielmann Horst13,Stephens Martin L.14,Stokes William S.15,Straughan Donald W.3,Yager James D.16,Zurlo Joanne2,van Zutphen Bert F.M.17

Affiliation:

1. ECVAM, JRC Environment Institute, 21020 Ispra (Va), Italy

2. CAAT, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 111 Market Place/Suite 840, Baltimore, MD 21202-6709, USA

3. FRAME Russell & Burch House, 96–98 North Sherwood Street, Nottingham NG1 4EE, UK

4. Town Hall, Sheringham, Norfolk NR26 8QY, UK

5. MRC Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK

6. Toxic Hazards Research Unit, ManTech Environmental Technology Inc., Dayton, OH 45431-0009, USA

7. RIVM, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands;

8. Research Animals Department, RSPCA, The Causeway, Horsham, West Sussex RH12 1HG, UK

9. NCA, Yalelaan 17, De Uithof, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands

10. Department of Biomedical Sciences and Ethics, University of Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham B15 2TJ, UK

11. Tufts Center for Animals and Public Policy, School for Veterinary Medicine, 200 Westboro Road, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA

12. Department of Sociology, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 2AA, UK

13. ZEBET, BgVV, Diedersdorfer Weg 1, 12277 Berlin, Germany

14. Humane Society of the United States, 2100 L Street NW, Washington, DC 20037, USA

15. NIEHS, NTP, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA

16. Division of Toxicological Sciences, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;

17. Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Medical Laboratory Technology,Toxicology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine

Reference112 articles.

1. RussellW.M.S, & BurchR.L. (1959). The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique, 238 pp. London: Methuen.

2. RussellW.M.S, & BurchR.L. (1992). The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique, 238 pp. Potters Bar, Herts., UK: UFAW.

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