Frequency of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in Dubai, UAE–A Multicenter, Retrospective Study

Abstract

Background and Purpose Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), also known as cerebral dural venous thrombosis, is not a very common cause of stroke. It has a diverse clinical presentation, with multiple predisposing factors and imaging findings. The incidence of CVT varies in different studies. We hypothesized that the incidence of CVT in Dubai is more than that reported in the West owing to dehydration caused by the high atmospheric temperature. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients aged more than 13 years with appropriate International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, codes for the diagnosis of CVT from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2018 from three major hospitals with an acute stroke service in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Results We identified 138 patients who presented with CVT. The average frequency of CVT was 6.6 per 100,000 population. Fifty percent of the patients presented between May and September, which are considered the hottest months in the UAE. Headache was the most common presentation, followed by seizures. The most important risk factors were the use of oral contraceptive pills, anemia, and polycythemia. Our study showed a higher incidence of anemia, polycythemia, thrombophilia, and abnormal CT brain findings. Conclusions In our study, CVT was more common during the months of summer. Anemia and polycythemia were strongly associated with CVT. Public awareness about CVT, its higher incidence during summer months and strategies to avoid dehydration might be considered to reduce the incidence of CVT in summer months. However, larger studies are needed to confirm definite associations.