Sex-Specific Characteristics of Anthropometry in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the sex-specific effects of anthropometric profiles on the occurrence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: We evaluated 151 patients with suspected OSA undergoing polysomnography and anthropometric measurements such as body mass index (BMI), neck and waist circumference (NC and WC), and waist–hip ratio (WHR). Results: In men, NC ( P = .006), WC ( P = .035), and WHR ( P = .003) were significantly increased in OSA and all were significantly correlated with apnea hypopnea index (AHI). However, in female OSA patients, BMI ( P = .05), WC ( P = .008), and WHR ( P = .001) were elevated, but only WHR was significantly correlated with AHI. Correlation analyses showed significant correlations between NC and other anthropometric indexes in men but not in women. The receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that NC and WHR in men, and WHR in women, were significant in both model 1 (AHI ≥ 5) and model 2 (AHI ≥ 15). Conclusion: Waist–hip ratio is the most reliable correlate of OSA in both sexes. Neck circumference is an independent risk factor for male, but not for female, OSA patients. These different aspects of obesity may contribute to the pathogenesis of OSA and provide helpful guidance in the screening of OSA.