Optimal guiding catheter position during advancement of the guiding catheter into the carotid artery from the aortic arch via transfemoral approach

Abstract

Background Guiding catheter (GC) advancement into the target carotid artery is a crucial step in neuroendovascular therapy. In difficult anatomies, alternative methods have been reported to overcome difficult carotid access for swift GC advancement. However, studies focusing on the positional relationship between the GC and inner catheter (IC) at the aortic arch are lacking. Methods We evaluated the impact of the positional relationship between the GC and IC on whether the GC position affects catheter support or system straightening. We retrospectively reviewed 89 patients who underwent neuroendovascular therapy. We assessed the time to carotid access across difficult arch anatomies. The GC position was divided into Position 1, descending aorta level; Position 2, aortic arch level; and Position 3, origin of the left common carotid artery or innominate artery. We also evaluated the GC support and straightening effects in an in vitro vascular model study. Results The coaxial catheter flexion angle at the aortic arch was significantly larger when the GC was set to Position 3 ( p < 0.0001). A significantly shorter time to carotid access was observed with Positions 2 and 3 than with Position 1 in the difficult arch anatomy group. In the in vitro vascular model evaluation, the catheter support effect significantly increased as the GC position became closer to the IC tip ( p < 0.0001) and straightening effect significantly increased as the GC moved to Position 2 from Position 1 ( p < 0.0001). Conclusion During GC advancement, the GC positional relationship changed the support of the coaxial system with system straightening. The optimal GC position, Position 3, facilitated swift GC advancement.