Choroid plexus calcifications are not associated with putative markers of glymphatic dysfunction: A population study in middle-aged and older adults

Author:

Castillo Pablo R1,Patel Vishal2ORCID,Mera Robertino M3,Rumbea Denisse A4,Del Brutto Oscar H4ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA

2. Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA

3. Biostatistics/Epidemiology, Freenome, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA

4. School of Medicine and Research Center, Universidad Espíritu Santo – Ecuador, Samborondón, Ecuador

Abstract

Background and Purpose Recent studies have suggested an association between dysfunction of the choroid plexus and the glymphatic system. However, information is inconclusive. Following a population-based study design, we aimed to assess the association between choroid plexus calcifications (CPCs)—as a surrogate of choroid plexus dysfunction—and severity and progression of putative markers of glymphatic dysfunction, including white matter hyperintensities (WMH) of presumed vascular origin and abnormally enlarged basal ganglia perivascular spaces (BG-PVS). Methods This study recruited community-dwellers aged ≥40 years living in neighboring Ecuadorian villages. Participants who had baseline head CTs and brain MRIs were included in cross-sectional analyses and those who additional had follow-up MRIs (after a mean of 6.4 ± 1.5 years) were included in longitudinal analyses. Logistic and Poisson regression models, adjusted for demographics and cardiovascular risk factors, were fitted to assess associations between CPCs and WMH and enlarged BG-PVS severity and progression. Results A total of 590 individuals were included in the cross-sectional component of the study, and 215 in the longitudinal component. At baseline, 25% of participants had moderate-to-severe WMH and 27% had abnormally enlarged BG-PVS. At follow-up, 36% and 20% of participants had WMH and enlarged BG-PVS progression, respectively. Logistic regression models showed no significant differences between CPCs volumes stratified in quartiles and severity of WMH and enlarged BG-PVS. Poisson regression models showed no association between the exposure and WMH and enlarged BG-PVS progression. Baseline age remained significant in these models. Conclusions Choroid plexus calcifications are not associated with putative markers of glymphatic system dysfunction.

Funder

Universidad Espiritu Santo - Ecuador

Publisher

SAGE Publications

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