Identifying Racial Differences in Vocational Rehabilitation Services

Author:

Yin Michelle1ORCID,Pathak Aditi2,Lin Dajun2,Dizdari Nevin3

Affiliation:

1. Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA

2. American Institutes for Research, Arlington, VA, USA

3. Deloitte, Washington, DC, USA

Abstract

The literature on racial differences in vocational rehabilitation (VR) services has not been updated for over a decade. Using the 2017 individual-level national RSA-911 data, supplemented with the 2017 American Community Survey and publicly available information from Kaiser Family Foundation, we investigate racial differences at each step of the VR process—application, eligibility, service provision, and employment outcomes at closure. At the first step, application, White individuals with disabilities are less likely to apply than their African American, American Indian/Alaska Native, and Hispanic counterparts, and more likely to apply than their Asian counterparts. For the remaining three steps, the results are inverted: the White subgroup has higher eligibility rates, service rates, and employment rates than the African American, American Indian/Alaska Native, and Hispanic subgroups, and lower rates than the Asian subgroup. These findings suggest that racial and ethnic differences continue to exist in the VR process despite several legislative acts and policy efforts. Within each racial and ethnic minority group, we also find large variation in application rates and employment rates across states, which indicates a need for developing performance measures and standardized guidelines for state VR agencies to better serve individuals with disabilities from racial and ethnic minorities.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Applied Psychology,Rehabilitation

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