“Even If the Policy Changes, the Culture Remains the Same”: A Mixed Methods Analysis of LGBT Service Members’ Outness Patterns

Author:

McNamara Kathleen A.1ORCID,Lucas Carrie L.2,Goldbach Jeremy T.3,Castro Carl A.3,Holloway Ian W.4

Affiliation:

1. United States Air Force, Nellis AFB, NV, USA

2. United States Air Force, Osan AB, ROK

3. Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

4. UCLA Luskin School of Public Affairs, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Abstract

Despite repeal of the Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell policy in 2011 and the ban on open transgender service from 2016 to 2019, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) service members may be reluctant to disclose their identities to fellow military personnel. This study used data collected through the Department of Defense–funded mixed methods research study conducted from 2016 to 2018. A sample of 248 active duty LGBT service members completed a survey, while a sample of 42 LGBT active duty service members participated in an in-depth interview. Regression analyses tested for differences in outness by demographic and military traits; a thematic analysis of qualitative data contextualizes these findings. Outness to fellow service members varied greatly by rank, military branch, education level, sexual orientation, gender identity, and marital status. The lowest outness was to chaplains (38%), while the highest outness was to LGBT unit friends (93%). Implications for military leadership and service providers are discussed.

Funder

Medical Research and Materiel Command

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Safety Research,Social Sciences (miscellaneous),Sociology and Political Science

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